1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /* getdelays.c
3  *
4  * Utility to get per-pid and per-tgid delay accounting statistics
5  * Also illustrates usage of the taskstats interface
6  *
7  * Copyright (C) Shailabh Nagar, IBM Corp. 2005
8  * Copyright (C) Balbir Singh, IBM Corp. 2006
9  * Copyright (c) Jay Lan, SGI. 2006
10  *
11  * Compile with
12  *	gcc -I/usr/src/linux/include getdelays.c -o getdelays
13  */
14 
15 #include <stdio.h>
16 #include <stdlib.h>
17 #include <errno.h>
18 #include <unistd.h>
19 #include <poll.h>
20 #include <string.h>
21 #include <fcntl.h>
22 #include <sys/types.h>
23 #include <sys/stat.h>
24 #include <sys/socket.h>
25 #include <sys/wait.h>
26 #include <signal.h>
27 
28 #include <linux/genetlink.h>
29 #include <linux/taskstats.h>
30 #include <linux/cgroupstats.h>
31 
32 /*
33  * Generic macros for dealing with netlink sockets. Might be duplicated
34  * elsewhere. It is recommended that commercial grade applications use
35  * libnl or libnetlink and use the interfaces provided by the library
36  */
37 #define GENLMSG_DATA(glh)	((void *)(NLMSG_DATA(glh) + GENL_HDRLEN))
38 #define GENLMSG_PAYLOAD(glh)	(NLMSG_PAYLOAD(glh, 0) - GENL_HDRLEN)
39 #define NLA_DATA(na)		((void *)((char*)(na) + NLA_HDRLEN))
40 #define NLA_PAYLOAD(len)	(len - NLA_HDRLEN)
41 
42 #define err(code, fmt, arg...)			\
43 	do {					\
44 		fprintf(stderr, fmt, ##arg);	\
45 		exit(code);			\
46 	} while (0)
47 
48 int done;
49 int rcvbufsz;
50 char name[100];
51 int dbg;
52 int print_delays;
53 int print_io_accounting;
54 int print_task_context_switch_counts;
55 
56 #define PRINTF(fmt, arg...) {			\
57 	    if (dbg) {				\
58 		printf(fmt, ##arg);		\
59 	    }					\
60 	}
61 
62 /* Maximum size of response requested or message sent */
63 #define MAX_MSG_SIZE	1024
64 /* Maximum number of cpus expected to be specified in a cpumask */
65 #define MAX_CPUS	32
66 
67 struct msgtemplate {
68 	struct nlmsghdr n;
69 	struct genlmsghdr g;
70 	char buf[MAX_MSG_SIZE];
71 };
72 
73 char cpumask[100+6*MAX_CPUS];
74 
usage(void)75 static void usage(void)
76 {
77 	fprintf(stderr, "getdelays [-dilv] [-w logfile] [-r bufsize] "
78 			"[-m cpumask] [-t tgid] [-p pid]\n");
79 	fprintf(stderr, "  -d: print delayacct stats\n");
80 	fprintf(stderr, "  -i: print IO accounting (works only with -p)\n");
81 	fprintf(stderr, "  -l: listen forever\n");
82 	fprintf(stderr, "  -v: debug on\n");
83 	fprintf(stderr, "  -C: container path\n");
84 }
85 
86 /*
87  * Create a raw netlink socket and bind
88  */
create_nl_socket(int protocol)89 static int create_nl_socket(int protocol)
90 {
91 	int fd;
92 	struct sockaddr_nl local;
93 
94 	fd = socket(AF_NETLINK, SOCK_RAW, protocol);
95 	if (fd < 0)
96 		return -1;
97 
98 	if (rcvbufsz)
99 		if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF,
100 				&rcvbufsz, sizeof(rcvbufsz)) < 0) {
101 			fprintf(stderr, "Unable to set socket rcv buf size to %d\n",
102 				rcvbufsz);
103 			goto error;
104 		}
105 
106 	memset(&local, 0, sizeof(local));
107 	local.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
108 
109 	if (bind(fd, (struct sockaddr *) &local, sizeof(local)) < 0)
110 		goto error;
111 
112 	return fd;
113 error:
114 	close(fd);
115 	return -1;
116 }
117 
118 
send_cmd(int sd,__u16 nlmsg_type,__u32 nlmsg_pid,__u8 genl_cmd,__u16 nla_type,void * nla_data,int nla_len)119 static int send_cmd(int sd, __u16 nlmsg_type, __u32 nlmsg_pid,
120 	     __u8 genl_cmd, __u16 nla_type,
121 	     void *nla_data, int nla_len)
122 {
123 	struct nlattr *na;
124 	struct sockaddr_nl nladdr;
125 	int r, buflen;
126 	char *buf;
127 
128 	struct msgtemplate msg;
129 
130 	msg.n.nlmsg_len = NLMSG_LENGTH(GENL_HDRLEN);
131 	msg.n.nlmsg_type = nlmsg_type;
132 	msg.n.nlmsg_flags = NLM_F_REQUEST;
133 	msg.n.nlmsg_seq = 0;
134 	msg.n.nlmsg_pid = nlmsg_pid;
135 	msg.g.cmd = genl_cmd;
136 	msg.g.version = 0x1;
137 	na = (struct nlattr *) GENLMSG_DATA(&msg);
138 	na->nla_type = nla_type;
139 	na->nla_len = nla_len + NLA_HDRLEN;
140 	memcpy(NLA_DATA(na), nla_data, nla_len);
141 	msg.n.nlmsg_len += NLMSG_ALIGN(na->nla_len);
142 
143 	buf = (char *) &msg;
144 	buflen = msg.n.nlmsg_len ;
145 	memset(&nladdr, 0, sizeof(nladdr));
146 	nladdr.nl_family = AF_NETLINK;
147 	while ((r = sendto(sd, buf, buflen, 0, (struct sockaddr *) &nladdr,
148 			   sizeof(nladdr))) < buflen) {
149 		if (r > 0) {
150 			buf += r;
151 			buflen -= r;
152 		} else if (errno != EAGAIN)
153 			return -1;
154 	}
155 	return 0;
156 }
157 
158 
159 /*
160  * Probe the controller in genetlink to find the family id
161  * for the TASKSTATS family
162  */
get_family_id(int sd)163 static int get_family_id(int sd)
164 {
165 	struct {
166 		struct nlmsghdr n;
167 		struct genlmsghdr g;
168 		char buf[256];
169 	} ans;
170 
171 	int id = 0, rc;
172 	struct nlattr *na;
173 	int rep_len;
174 
175 	strcpy(name, TASKSTATS_GENL_NAME);
176 	rc = send_cmd(sd, GENL_ID_CTRL, getpid(), CTRL_CMD_GETFAMILY,
177 			CTRL_ATTR_FAMILY_NAME, (void *)name,
178 			strlen(TASKSTATS_GENL_NAME)+1);
179 	if (rc < 0)
180 		return 0;	/* sendto() failure? */
181 
182 	rep_len = recv(sd, &ans, sizeof(ans), 0);
183 	if (ans.n.nlmsg_type == NLMSG_ERROR ||
184 	    (rep_len < 0) || !NLMSG_OK((&ans.n), rep_len))
185 		return 0;
186 
187 	na = (struct nlattr *) GENLMSG_DATA(&ans);
188 	na = (struct nlattr *) ((char *) na + NLA_ALIGN(na->nla_len));
189 	if (na->nla_type == CTRL_ATTR_FAMILY_ID) {
190 		id = *(__u16 *) NLA_DATA(na);
191 	}
192 	return id;
193 }
194 
195 #define average_ms(t, c) (t / 1000000ULL / (c ? c : 1))
196 
print_delayacct(struct taskstats * t)197 static void print_delayacct(struct taskstats *t)
198 {
199 	printf("\n\nCPU   %15s%15s%15s%15s%15s\n"
200 	       "      %15llu%15llu%15llu%15llu%15.3fms\n"
201 	       "IO    %15s%15s%15s\n"
202 	       "      %15llu%15llu%15llums\n"
203 	       "SWAP  %15s%15s%15s\n"
204 	       "      %15llu%15llu%15llums\n"
205 	       "RECLAIM  %12s%15s%15s\n"
206 	       "      %15llu%15llu%15llums\n"
207 	       "THRASHING%12s%15s%15s\n"
208 	       "      %15llu%15llu%15llums\n",
209 	       "count", "real total", "virtual total",
210 	       "delay total", "delay average",
211 	       (unsigned long long)t->cpu_count,
212 	       (unsigned long long)t->cpu_run_real_total,
213 	       (unsigned long long)t->cpu_run_virtual_total,
214 	       (unsigned long long)t->cpu_delay_total,
215 	       average_ms((double)t->cpu_delay_total, t->cpu_count),
216 	       "count", "delay total", "delay average",
217 	       (unsigned long long)t->blkio_count,
218 	       (unsigned long long)t->blkio_delay_total,
219 	       average_ms(t->blkio_delay_total, t->blkio_count),
220 	       "count", "delay total", "delay average",
221 	       (unsigned long long)t->swapin_count,
222 	       (unsigned long long)t->swapin_delay_total,
223 	       average_ms(t->swapin_delay_total, t->swapin_count),
224 	       "count", "delay total", "delay average",
225 	       (unsigned long long)t->freepages_count,
226 	       (unsigned long long)t->freepages_delay_total,
227 	       average_ms(t->freepages_delay_total, t->freepages_count),
228 	       "count", "delay total", "delay average",
229 	       (unsigned long long)t->thrashing_count,
230 	       (unsigned long long)t->thrashing_delay_total,
231 	       average_ms(t->thrashing_delay_total, t->thrashing_count));
232 }
233 
task_context_switch_counts(struct taskstats * t)234 static void task_context_switch_counts(struct taskstats *t)
235 {
236 	printf("\n\nTask   %15s%15s\n"
237 	       "       %15llu%15llu\n",
238 	       "voluntary", "nonvoluntary",
239 	       (unsigned long long)t->nvcsw, (unsigned long long)t->nivcsw);
240 }
241 
print_cgroupstats(struct cgroupstats * c)242 static void print_cgroupstats(struct cgroupstats *c)
243 {
244 	printf("sleeping %llu, blocked %llu, running %llu, stopped %llu, "
245 		"uninterruptible %llu\n", (unsigned long long)c->nr_sleeping,
246 		(unsigned long long)c->nr_io_wait,
247 		(unsigned long long)c->nr_running,
248 		(unsigned long long)c->nr_stopped,
249 		(unsigned long long)c->nr_uninterruptible);
250 }
251 
252 
print_ioacct(struct taskstats * t)253 static void print_ioacct(struct taskstats *t)
254 {
255 	printf("%s: read=%llu, write=%llu, cancelled_write=%llu\n",
256 		t->ac_comm,
257 		(unsigned long long)t->read_bytes,
258 		(unsigned long long)t->write_bytes,
259 		(unsigned long long)t->cancelled_write_bytes);
260 }
261 
main(int argc,char * argv[])262 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
263 {
264 	int c, rc, rep_len, aggr_len, len2;
265 	int cmd_type = TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_UNSPEC;
266 	__u16 id;
267 	__u32 mypid;
268 
269 	struct nlattr *na;
270 	int nl_sd = -1;
271 	int len = 0;
272 	pid_t tid = 0;
273 	pid_t rtid = 0;
274 
275 	int fd = 0;
276 	int count = 0;
277 	int write_file = 0;
278 	int maskset = 0;
279 	char *logfile = NULL;
280 	int loop = 0;
281 	int containerset = 0;
282 	char *containerpath = NULL;
283 	int cfd = 0;
284 	int forking = 0;
285 	sigset_t sigset;
286 
287 	struct msgtemplate msg;
288 
289 	while (!forking) {
290 		c = getopt(argc, argv, "qdiw:r:m:t:p:vlC:c:");
291 		if (c < 0)
292 			break;
293 
294 		switch (c) {
295 		case 'd':
296 			printf("print delayacct stats ON\n");
297 			print_delays = 1;
298 			break;
299 		case 'i':
300 			printf("printing IO accounting\n");
301 			print_io_accounting = 1;
302 			break;
303 		case 'q':
304 			printf("printing task/process context switch rates\n");
305 			print_task_context_switch_counts = 1;
306 			break;
307 		case 'C':
308 			containerset = 1;
309 			containerpath = optarg;
310 			break;
311 		case 'w':
312 			logfile = strdup(optarg);
313 			printf("write to file %s\n", logfile);
314 			write_file = 1;
315 			break;
316 		case 'r':
317 			rcvbufsz = atoi(optarg);
318 			printf("receive buf size %d\n", rcvbufsz);
319 			if (rcvbufsz < 0)
320 				err(1, "Invalid rcv buf size\n");
321 			break;
322 		case 'm':
323 			strncpy(cpumask, optarg, sizeof(cpumask));
324 			cpumask[sizeof(cpumask) - 1] = '\0';
325 			maskset = 1;
326 			printf("cpumask %s maskset %d\n", cpumask, maskset);
327 			break;
328 		case 't':
329 			tid = atoi(optarg);
330 			if (!tid)
331 				err(1, "Invalid tgid\n");
332 			cmd_type = TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_TGID;
333 			break;
334 		case 'p':
335 			tid = atoi(optarg);
336 			if (!tid)
337 				err(1, "Invalid pid\n");
338 			cmd_type = TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_PID;
339 			break;
340 		case 'c':
341 
342 			/* Block SIGCHLD for sigwait() later */
343 			if (sigemptyset(&sigset) == -1)
344 				err(1, "Failed to empty sigset");
345 			if (sigaddset(&sigset, SIGCHLD))
346 				err(1, "Failed to set sigchld in sigset");
347 			sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &sigset, NULL);
348 
349 			/* fork/exec a child */
350 			tid = fork();
351 			if (tid < 0)
352 				err(1, "Fork failed\n");
353 			if (tid == 0)
354 				if (execvp(argv[optind - 1],
355 				    &argv[optind - 1]) < 0)
356 					exit(-1);
357 
358 			/* Set the command type and avoid further processing */
359 			cmd_type = TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_PID;
360 			forking = 1;
361 			break;
362 		case 'v':
363 			printf("debug on\n");
364 			dbg = 1;
365 			break;
366 		case 'l':
367 			printf("listen forever\n");
368 			loop = 1;
369 			break;
370 		default:
371 			usage();
372 			exit(-1);
373 		}
374 	}
375 
376 	if (write_file) {
377 		fd = open(logfile, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC,
378 			  S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH);
379 		if (fd == -1) {
380 			perror("Cannot open output file\n");
381 			exit(1);
382 		}
383 	}
384 
385 	nl_sd = create_nl_socket(NETLINK_GENERIC);
386 	if (nl_sd < 0)
387 		err(1, "error creating Netlink socket\n");
388 
389 
390 	mypid = getpid();
391 	id = get_family_id(nl_sd);
392 	if (!id) {
393 		fprintf(stderr, "Error getting family id, errno %d\n", errno);
394 		goto err;
395 	}
396 	PRINTF("family id %d\n", id);
397 
398 	if (maskset) {
399 		rc = send_cmd(nl_sd, id, mypid, TASKSTATS_CMD_GET,
400 			      TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_REGISTER_CPUMASK,
401 			      &cpumask, strlen(cpumask) + 1);
402 		PRINTF("Sent register cpumask, retval %d\n", rc);
403 		if (rc < 0) {
404 			fprintf(stderr, "error sending register cpumask\n");
405 			goto err;
406 		}
407 	}
408 
409 	if (tid && containerset) {
410 		fprintf(stderr, "Select either -t or -C, not both\n");
411 		goto err;
412 	}
413 
414 	/*
415 	 * If we forked a child, wait for it to exit. Cannot use waitpid()
416 	 * as all the delicious data would be reaped as part of the wait
417 	 */
418 	if (tid && forking) {
419 		int sig_received;
420 		sigwait(&sigset, &sig_received);
421 	}
422 
423 	if (tid) {
424 		rc = send_cmd(nl_sd, id, mypid, TASKSTATS_CMD_GET,
425 			      cmd_type, &tid, sizeof(__u32));
426 		PRINTF("Sent pid/tgid, retval %d\n", rc);
427 		if (rc < 0) {
428 			fprintf(stderr, "error sending tid/tgid cmd\n");
429 			goto done;
430 		}
431 	}
432 
433 	if (containerset) {
434 		cfd = open(containerpath, O_RDONLY);
435 		if (cfd < 0) {
436 			perror("error opening container file");
437 			goto err;
438 		}
439 		rc = send_cmd(nl_sd, id, mypid, CGROUPSTATS_CMD_GET,
440 			      CGROUPSTATS_CMD_ATTR_FD, &cfd, sizeof(__u32));
441 		if (rc < 0) {
442 			perror("error sending cgroupstats command");
443 			goto err;
444 		}
445 	}
446 	if (!maskset && !tid && !containerset) {
447 		usage();
448 		goto err;
449 	}
450 
451 	do {
452 		rep_len = recv(nl_sd, &msg, sizeof(msg), 0);
453 		PRINTF("received %d bytes\n", rep_len);
454 
455 		if (rep_len < 0) {
456 			fprintf(stderr, "nonfatal reply error: errno %d\n",
457 				errno);
458 			continue;
459 		}
460 		if (msg.n.nlmsg_type == NLMSG_ERROR ||
461 		    !NLMSG_OK((&msg.n), rep_len)) {
462 			struct nlmsgerr *err = NLMSG_DATA(&msg);
463 			fprintf(stderr, "fatal reply error,  errno %d\n",
464 				err->error);
465 			goto done;
466 		}
467 
468 		PRINTF("nlmsghdr size=%zu, nlmsg_len=%d, rep_len=%d\n",
469 		       sizeof(struct nlmsghdr), msg.n.nlmsg_len, rep_len);
470 
471 
472 		rep_len = GENLMSG_PAYLOAD(&msg.n);
473 
474 		na = (struct nlattr *) GENLMSG_DATA(&msg);
475 		len = 0;
476 		while (len < rep_len) {
477 			len += NLA_ALIGN(na->nla_len);
478 			switch (na->nla_type) {
479 			case TASKSTATS_TYPE_AGGR_TGID:
480 				/* Fall through */
481 			case TASKSTATS_TYPE_AGGR_PID:
482 				aggr_len = NLA_PAYLOAD(na->nla_len);
483 				len2 = 0;
484 				/* For nested attributes, na follows */
485 				na = (struct nlattr *) NLA_DATA(na);
486 				done = 0;
487 				while (len2 < aggr_len) {
488 					switch (na->nla_type) {
489 					case TASKSTATS_TYPE_PID:
490 						rtid = *(int *) NLA_DATA(na);
491 						if (print_delays)
492 							printf("PID\t%d\n", rtid);
493 						break;
494 					case TASKSTATS_TYPE_TGID:
495 						rtid = *(int *) NLA_DATA(na);
496 						if (print_delays)
497 							printf("TGID\t%d\n", rtid);
498 						break;
499 					case TASKSTATS_TYPE_STATS:
500 						count++;
501 						if (print_delays)
502 							print_delayacct((struct taskstats *) NLA_DATA(na));
503 						if (print_io_accounting)
504 							print_ioacct((struct taskstats *) NLA_DATA(na));
505 						if (print_task_context_switch_counts)
506 							task_context_switch_counts((struct taskstats *) NLA_DATA(na));
507 						if (fd) {
508 							if (write(fd, NLA_DATA(na), na->nla_len) < 0) {
509 								err(1,"write error\n");
510 							}
511 						}
512 						if (!loop)
513 							goto done;
514 						break;
515 					case TASKSTATS_TYPE_NULL:
516 						break;
517 					default:
518 						fprintf(stderr, "Unknown nested"
519 							" nla_type %d\n",
520 							na->nla_type);
521 						break;
522 					}
523 					len2 += NLA_ALIGN(na->nla_len);
524 					na = (struct nlattr *)((char *)na +
525 							       NLA_ALIGN(na->nla_len));
526 				}
527 				break;
528 
529 			case CGROUPSTATS_TYPE_CGROUP_STATS:
530 				print_cgroupstats(NLA_DATA(na));
531 				break;
532 			default:
533 				fprintf(stderr, "Unknown nla_type %d\n",
534 					na->nla_type);
535 			case TASKSTATS_TYPE_NULL:
536 				break;
537 			}
538 			na = (struct nlattr *) (GENLMSG_DATA(&msg) + len);
539 		}
540 	} while (loop);
541 done:
542 	if (maskset) {
543 		rc = send_cmd(nl_sd, id, mypid, TASKSTATS_CMD_GET,
544 			      TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_DEREGISTER_CPUMASK,
545 			      &cpumask, strlen(cpumask) + 1);
546 		printf("Sent deregister mask, retval %d\n", rc);
547 		if (rc < 0)
548 			err(rc, "error sending deregister cpumask\n");
549 	}
550 err:
551 	close(nl_sd);
552 	if (fd)
553 		close(fd);
554 	if (cfd)
555 		close(cfd);
556 	return 0;
557 }
558