1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 /* rwsem.h: R/W semaphores, public interface
3  *
4  * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com).
5  * Derived from asm-i386/semaphore.h
6  */
7 
8 #ifndef _LINUX_RWSEM_H
9 #define _LINUX_RWSEM_H
10 
11 #include <linux/linkage.h>
12 
13 #include <linux/types.h>
14 #include <linux/list.h>
15 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
16 #include <linux/atomic.h>
17 #include <linux/err.h>
18 
19 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
20 # define __RWSEM_DEP_MAP_INIT(lockname)			\
21 	.dep_map = {					\
22 		.name = #lockname,			\
23 		.wait_type_inner = LD_WAIT_SLEEP,	\
24 	},
25 #else
26 # define __RWSEM_DEP_MAP_INIT(lockname)
27 #endif
28 
29 #ifndef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT
30 
31 #ifdef CONFIG_RWSEM_SPIN_ON_OWNER
32 #include <linux/osq_lock.h>
33 #endif
34 
35 /*
36  * For an uncontended rwsem, count and owner are the only fields a task
37  * needs to touch when acquiring the rwsem. So they are put next to each
38  * other to increase the chance that they will share the same cacheline.
39  *
40  * In a contended rwsem, the owner is likely the most frequently accessed
41  * field in the structure as the optimistic waiter that holds the osq lock
42  * will spin on owner. For an embedded rwsem, other hot fields in the
43  * containing structure should be moved further away from the rwsem to
44  * reduce the chance that they will share the same cacheline causing
45  * cacheline bouncing problem.
46  */
47 struct rw_semaphore {
48 	atomic_long_t count;
49 	/*
50 	 * Write owner or one of the read owners as well flags regarding
51 	 * the current state of the rwsem. Can be used as a speculative
52 	 * check to see if the write owner is running on the cpu.
53 	 */
54 	atomic_long_t owner;
55 #ifdef CONFIG_RWSEM_SPIN_ON_OWNER
56 	struct optimistic_spin_queue osq; /* spinner MCS lock */
57 #endif
58 	raw_spinlock_t wait_lock;
59 	struct list_head wait_list;
60 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_RWSEMS
61 	void *magic;
62 #endif
63 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
64 	struct lockdep_map	dep_map;
65 #endif
66 };
67 
68 /* In all implementations count != 0 means locked */
rwsem_is_locked(struct rw_semaphore * sem)69 static inline int rwsem_is_locked(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
70 {
71 	return atomic_long_read(&sem->count) != 0;
72 }
73 
74 #define RWSEM_UNLOCKED_VALUE		0L
75 #define __RWSEM_COUNT_INIT(name)	.count = ATOMIC_LONG_INIT(RWSEM_UNLOCKED_VALUE)
76 
77 /* Common initializer macros and functions */
78 
79 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_RWSEMS
80 # define __RWSEM_DEBUG_INIT(lockname) .magic = &lockname,
81 #else
82 # define __RWSEM_DEBUG_INIT(lockname)
83 #endif
84 
85 #ifdef CONFIG_RWSEM_SPIN_ON_OWNER
86 #define __RWSEM_OPT_INIT(lockname) .osq = OSQ_LOCK_UNLOCKED,
87 #else
88 #define __RWSEM_OPT_INIT(lockname)
89 #endif
90 
91 #define __RWSEM_INITIALIZER(name)				\
92 	{ __RWSEM_COUNT_INIT(name),				\
93 	  .owner = ATOMIC_LONG_INIT(0),				\
94 	  __RWSEM_OPT_INIT(name)				\
95 	  .wait_lock = __RAW_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(name.wait_lock),\
96 	  .wait_list = LIST_HEAD_INIT((name).wait_list),	\
97 	  __RWSEM_DEBUG_INIT(name)				\
98 	  __RWSEM_DEP_MAP_INIT(name) }
99 
100 #define DECLARE_RWSEM(name) \
101 	struct rw_semaphore name = __RWSEM_INITIALIZER(name)
102 
103 extern void __init_rwsem(struct rw_semaphore *sem, const char *name,
104 			 struct lock_class_key *key);
105 
106 #define init_rwsem(sem)						\
107 do {								\
108 	static struct lock_class_key __key;			\
109 								\
110 	__init_rwsem((sem), #sem, &__key);			\
111 } while (0)
112 
113 /*
114  * This is the same regardless of which rwsem implementation that is being used.
115  * It is just a heuristic meant to be called by somebody already holding the
116  * rwsem to see if somebody from an incompatible type is wanting access to the
117  * lock.
118  */
rwsem_is_contended(struct rw_semaphore * sem)119 static inline int rwsem_is_contended(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
120 {
121 	return !list_empty(&sem->wait_list);
122 }
123 
124 #else /* !CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT */
125 
126 #include <linux/rwbase_rt.h>
127 
128 struct rw_semaphore {
129 	struct rwbase_rt	rwbase;
130 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
131 	struct lockdep_map	dep_map;
132 #endif
133 };
134 
135 #define __RWSEM_INITIALIZER(name)				\
136 	{							\
137 		.rwbase = __RWBASE_INITIALIZER(name),		\
138 		__RWSEM_DEP_MAP_INIT(name)			\
139 	}
140 
141 #define DECLARE_RWSEM(lockname) \
142 	struct rw_semaphore lockname = __RWSEM_INITIALIZER(lockname)
143 
144 extern void  __init_rwsem(struct rw_semaphore *rwsem, const char *name,
145 			  struct lock_class_key *key);
146 
147 #define init_rwsem(sem)						\
148 do {								\
149 	static struct lock_class_key __key;			\
150 								\
151 	__init_rwsem((sem), #sem, &__key);			\
152 } while (0)
153 
rwsem_is_locked(struct rw_semaphore * sem)154 static __always_inline int rwsem_is_locked(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
155 {
156 	return rw_base_is_locked(&sem->rwbase);
157 }
158 
rwsem_is_contended(struct rw_semaphore * sem)159 static __always_inline int rwsem_is_contended(struct rw_semaphore *sem)
160 {
161 	return rw_base_is_contended(&sem->rwbase);
162 }
163 
164 #endif /* CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT */
165 
166 /*
167  * The functions below are the same for all rwsem implementations including
168  * the RT specific variant.
169  */
170 
171 /*
172  * lock for reading
173  */
174 extern void down_read(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
175 extern int __must_check down_read_interruptible(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
176 extern int __must_check down_read_killable(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
177 
178 /*
179  * trylock for reading -- returns 1 if successful, 0 if contention
180  */
181 extern int down_read_trylock(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
182 
183 /*
184  * lock for writing
185  */
186 extern void down_write(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
187 extern int __must_check down_write_killable(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
188 
189 /*
190  * trylock for writing -- returns 1 if successful, 0 if contention
191  */
192 extern int down_write_trylock(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
193 
194 /*
195  * release a read lock
196  */
197 extern void up_read(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
198 
199 /*
200  * release a write lock
201  */
202 extern void up_write(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
203 
204 /*
205  * downgrade write lock to read lock
206  */
207 extern void downgrade_write(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
208 
209 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
210 /*
211  * nested locking. NOTE: rwsems are not allowed to recurse
212  * (which occurs if the same task tries to acquire the same
213  * lock instance multiple times), but multiple locks of the
214  * same lock class might be taken, if the order of the locks
215  * is always the same. This ordering rule can be expressed
216  * to lockdep via the _nested() APIs, but enumerating the
217  * subclasses that are used. (If the nesting relationship is
218  * static then another method for expressing nested locking is
219  * the explicit definition of lock class keys and the use of
220  * lockdep_set_class() at lock initialization time.
221  * See Documentation/locking/lockdep-design.rst for more details.)
222  */
223 extern void down_read_nested(struct rw_semaphore *sem, int subclass);
224 extern int __must_check down_read_killable_nested(struct rw_semaphore *sem, int subclass);
225 extern void down_write_nested(struct rw_semaphore *sem, int subclass);
226 extern int down_write_killable_nested(struct rw_semaphore *sem, int subclass);
227 extern void _down_write_nest_lock(struct rw_semaphore *sem, struct lockdep_map *nest_lock);
228 
229 # define down_write_nest_lock(sem, nest_lock)			\
230 do {								\
231 	typecheck(struct lockdep_map *, &(nest_lock)->dep_map);	\
232 	_down_write_nest_lock(sem, &(nest_lock)->dep_map);	\
233 } while (0);
234 
235 /*
236  * Take/release a lock when not the owner will release it.
237  *
238  * [ This API should be avoided as much as possible - the
239  *   proper abstraction for this case is completions. ]
240  */
241 extern void down_read_non_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
242 extern void up_read_non_owner(struct rw_semaphore *sem);
243 #else
244 # define down_read_nested(sem, subclass)		down_read(sem)
245 # define down_read_killable_nested(sem, subclass)	down_read_killable(sem)
246 # define down_write_nest_lock(sem, nest_lock)	down_write(sem)
247 # define down_write_nested(sem, subclass)	down_write(sem)
248 # define down_write_killable_nested(sem, subclass)	down_write_killable(sem)
249 # define down_read_non_owner(sem)		down_read(sem)
250 # define up_read_non_owner(sem)			up_read(sem)
251 #endif
252 
253 #endif /* _LINUX_RWSEM_H */
254