1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Copyright (c) 2011 The FreeBSD Foundation
8  * All rights reserved.
9  * Portions of this software were developed by David Chisnall
10  * under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.
11  *
12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14  * are met:
15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22  *    without specific prior written permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
35  */
36 
37 #include <errno.h>
38 #include <limits.h>
39 #include <stddef.h>
40 #include <stdlib.h>
41 
42 /*
43  * Convert a string to a long integer.
44  *
45  * Assumes that the upper and lower case
46  * alphabets and digits are each contiguous.
47  */
strtol(const char * nptr,char ** endptr,int base)48 long strtol(const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base)
49 {
50 	const char *s;
51 	unsigned long acc;
52 	char c;
53 	unsigned long cutoff;
54 	int neg, any, cutlim;
55 
56 	/*
57 	 * Skip white space and pick up leading +/- sign if any.
58 	 * If base is 0, allow 0x for hex and 0 for octal, else
59 	 * assume decimal; if base is already 16, allow 0x.
60 	 */
61 	s = nptr;
62 	do {
63 		c = *s++;
64 	} while (isspace((unsigned char)c));
65 	if (c == '-') {
66 		neg = 1;
67 		c = *s++;
68 	} else {
69 		neg = 0;
70 		if (c == '+')
71 			c = *s++;
72 	}
73 	if ((base == 0 || base == 16) &&
74 	    c == '0' && (*s == 'x' || *s == 'X') &&
75 	    ((s[1] >= '0' && s[1] <= '9') ||
76 	    (s[1] >= 'A' && s[1] <= 'F') ||
77 	    (s[1] >= 'a' && s[1] <= 'f'))) {
78 		c = s[1];
79 		s += 2;
80 		base = 16;
81 	}
82 	if (base == 0)
83 		base = c == '0' ? 8 : 10;
84 	acc = any = 0;
85 
86 	/*
87 	 * Compute the cutoff value between legal numbers and illegal
88 	 * numbers.  That is the largest legal value, divided by the
89 	 * base.  An input number that is greater than this value, if
90 	 * followed by a legal input character, is too big.  One that
91 	 * is equal to this value may be valid or not; the limit
92 	 * between valid and invalid numbers is then based on the last
93 	 * digit.  For instance, if the range for longs is
94 	 * [-2147483648..2147483647] and the input base is 10,
95 	 * cutoff will be set to 214748364 and cutlim to either
96 	 * 7 (neg==0) or 8 (neg==1), meaning that if we have accumulated
97 	 * a value > 214748364, or equal but the next digit is > 7 (or 8),
98 	 * the number is too big, and we will return a range error.
99 	 *
100 	 * Set 'any' if any `digits' consumed; make it negative to indicate
101 	 * overflow.
102 	 */
103 	cutoff = neg ? (unsigned long)-(LONG_MIN + LONG_MAX) + LONG_MAX
104 	    : LONG_MAX;
105 	cutlim = cutoff % base;
106 	cutoff /= base;
107 	for ( ; ; c = *s++) {
108 		if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
109 			c -= '0';
110 		else if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')
111 			c -= 'A' - 10;
112 		else if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')
113 			c -= 'a' - 10;
114 		else
115 			break;
116 		if (c >= base)
117 			break;
118 		if (any < 0 || acc > cutoff || (acc == cutoff && c > cutlim))
119 			any = -1;
120 		else {
121 			any = 1;
122 			acc *= base;
123 			acc += c;
124 		}
125 	}
126 	if (any < 0) {
127 		acc = neg ? LONG_MIN : LONG_MAX;
128 	} else if (neg)
129 		acc = -acc;
130 	if (endptr != NULL)
131 		*endptr = (char *)(any ? s - 1 : nptr);
132 	return (acc);
133 }
134